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Agri-CRP on Water
Dr. Susanta Kumar Jena
susanta[dot]jena[at]icar[dot]gov[dot]in
The “Agri-CRP on Water” project has four themes focusing on critical research gaps in integrated water resource development and it’s efficient management in agriculture.

Theme-1: Development and Management of Surface Water Resources and Soil Moisture in Different Agro-ecological Regions of India using Geoinformatics. Lead Institute: ICAR-IIWM, Bhubaneswar (PI); Cooperating Centres: IIT, Kharagpur, Krishna University, Andhra Pradesh; & M/s. Forech M&C LLP, New Delhi.

Major objectives and activities are: to create geo-spatial database on water harvesting potential and design rainwater harvesting (RWH) structures along with surface water management action plan suitable for Mahanadi and upper Krishna basin; to develop automation in ICAR Flexi-check dam (rubber dam) operation; and development and impact evaluation of eco-friendly rubber material for lining of water harvesting structures.

Theme-2: Automated Canal Irrigation System for Efficient and Smart Irrigation Water Management. Lead Institute: ICAR-IIWM, Bhubaneswar (PI); Cooperating Centres: MPKV, Rahuri & M/s. RTI International India, New Delhi.

Major objectives and activities are: to develop the decision support system for real-time canal operation under rotational water supply; to develop a flow monitoring, water delivery/release, control, and feedback mechanism for modulating canal flow for canal automation system; to design an improved irrigation delivery mechanism for improved crop production and economic water productivity; and to assess the impact of the automated canal irrigation system with the improved delivery mechanism.

Theme-3: Improving Groundwater Sustainability through Analyzing Groundwater-energy Nexus. Lead Institute: ICAR-NIAP, New Delhi (PI); Cooperating Centre: ICAR-IIWM, Bhubaneswar

Major objectives and activities are: to analyze spatio-temporal dynamics of groundwater extraction and energy use mechanisms for irrigation in India; to analyze economic access to groundwater resources under different energy regimes and draw its implications for farm economy and groundwater  sustainability; to simulate likely effect of change in energy price policy on groundwater use for                  irrigation; and to evaluate the prospects of altering existing energy policies followed by selected states for sustainable groundwater resources management.

Theme-4: IoT Enabled Sensor Based Smart Irrigation Management System. Lead Institute:  MPKV, Rahuri (PI); Cooperating Centres: ICAR-IIWM, Bhubaneswar; ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru; ICAR-NRC Grapes, Pune; and M/s. Parth Infotech, Pune.

Major objectives and activities are: to test the current technologies of precision, automatic and real-time irrigation scheduling; investigate the gaps and identify the measures for improvement; to develop the multi-depth soil moisture sensors for precision irrigation scheduling; to develop the IoT enabled smart irrigation management system for precision, automatic and real-time irrigation scheduling at farm and cluster levels; and to test and validate the developed systems for different agro-climatic conditions.

 

Significant Achievements
  • Different thematic layers of the Mahanadi basin have been extracted along with surface water bodies using the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI).
  • An algorithm (protocol) for the identification of potential rainwater harvesting sites has been developed.
  • Remotely operated pump operation for inflation of rubber dam has been developed (prototype)
  • Rubber composite for pond/ canal lining has been developed in a laboratory and under field testing.
  • A flow chart of the decision support system (DSS) for canal automation has been developed
  • Spatial variation in groundwater level, groundwater utilization- energy association in India, and spatial variations and temporal change in groundwater level in Bihar have been developed
  • IoT-enabled sensor and weather-based irrigation scheduling system has been developed and are under testing in farmers’ field for different crops such as sugarcane, cotton, grapes, banana, and vegetables.